Sterilization
Sterilization involves any process, physical or chemical, that will destroy all forms of life, including bacterial, fungi, spores and viruses
Subluxation
It is defined as injury to the supporting structure of a tooth resulting in abnormal loosening of the tooth without
Symptomatic apical periodontitis
Symptomatic apical periodontitis is a painful inflammation of the periodontium as a result of trauma, irritation, or infection through the
Tissue Engineering
an interdisciplinary field that applies the principles of engineering and life sciences towards the development of biological substitutes that restore,
Transportation
If the instrument remains within the confines of the root canal, the elliptic preparation will produce internal transportation of the
Vertical root fractures
Longitudinal complete fractures usually of endodontically treated teeth
Working length
Working length is defined as the distance from a coronal reference point to the point at which canal preparation and